Monoclonal antibodyFDA-approvedFirst-line
Ipilimumab
How it works
Blocks CTLA-4, a protein that normally helps cancer cells evade the immune system, allowing the immune system to attack cancer cells.
Cancer types
Efficacy
In clinical trials, around 45% of patients achieved an objective response, with median overall survival of approximately 11.4 months.
Side effects
Moderate
Side effects can be significant and may require dose adjustments or supportive medication, but the treatment is usually continued.
Evidence from research
| Study | Cancer type | Stage | Efficacy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testing Nivolumab and Hydroxychloroquine for Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Stopping Combo Immunotherapy for Melanoma Brain Metastases May Be Safe | Melanoma | observational | 4-year OS exceeded 83% in patients discontinuing COMBO after CR, PR, or toxicity following CR, compared with 66.4% in those discontinuing due to toxicity after PR. | Source → |
| Evaluating Adaptive Dosing of Immunotherapy for Metastatic Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Combination Therapy for Untreated Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing a New Treatment for Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Testing a New Approach to Treating Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | preclinical | — | Source → |
| Ipilimumab and Sargramostim for Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Melanoma Patient Responds to Repeated Treatment with Ipilimumab and Nivolumab | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Ipilimumab and Interferon Alfa-2b in Treating Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Combination Therapy for Advanced Skin Cancers in Kidney Transplant Recipients | Melanoma | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Rare Sleep Disorder Linked to Cancer Treatment | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Combination Shows Promise in Some Cancer Patients | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | The disease control rates for breast cancer and other solid tumors were 33% and 32%, respectively. | Source → |
| Testing IL2 and Immunotherapy in Advanced Melanoma Patients | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing New Treatments for Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Evaluating Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Combination with Chemotherapy for Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Combination Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer and Solid Tumors | Breast Cancer | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Testing Fianlimab, Cemiplimab, and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Nivolumab and Ipilimumab with Radiation in Advanced Rectal Cancer | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Trial | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Immunotherapy Effectiveness in Lung Cancer Patients | Lung Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| Testing Tocilizumab with Immunotherapy for Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Immunotherapy Shows Promise for Rare Ovarian and Cervical Cancers | Leukemia | phase-2 | The overall response rate was 9.38%, with two complete responses that are ongoing at >3 years and one partial response. | Source → |
| Combining Immunotherapy for Advanced Anal Cancer | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | The median progression-free survival was 2.9 months for nivolumab and 3.7 months for nivolumab plus ipilimumab. | Source → |
| Immunotherapy Response Predicted by Low Tumor Mutation Burden and PD-L1 Expression | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Combination Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma Shows Promise in Real-World Study | Melanoma | observational | The response rate was 54% (39/72) and, after 13.6 months of median follow-up, a longer median progression-free survival [17.03 months (95% CI 4.8-18.6)]. | Source → |
| Melanoma Study Examines Vaccine Combination with Immunotherapy | Melanoma | phase-2 | Objective response rates were 59.7% and 59.2% in the two treatment arms. | Source → |
| Combination Treatment Shows Promise for Rare Gynecological Cancers | Ovarian Cancer | phase-2 | The overall objective response rate was 54% (95% CI, 35-71), with 3 (12%) complete responses and 12 (42%) partial responses. | Source → |
| Cost-effectiveness of dual immunotherapy for lung cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-3 | Nivolumab plus ipilimumab provided an incremental gain of 1.11 and 0.96 QALYs over chemotherapy in the USA and China, respectively. | Source → |
| Comparing Two Ways to Give Cancer Treatment | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Combining treatments improves survival for ovarian cancer patients | Ovarian Cancer | meta-analysis | PD1/PDL1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy and PD1/PDL1 inhibitors plus ipilimumab showed the greatest progression-free survival (PFS) benefit (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.52-1.07; HR = 0.82, 95% CI:0.51-1.33) and overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.85, 95% CI:0.64-1.14; HR = 0.83, 95% CI:0.45-1.54). | Source → |
| Rare Side Effects of Cancer Treatment | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| IDO Expression in Melanoma Treated with Ipilimumab | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Combination Therapy for Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis | Lung Cancer | meta-analysis | Non-small cell lung cancer patients who received combination therapy had better progression-free survival (HR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.71; 0.93, P < 0.01). | Source → |
| Researchers Test New Cancer Treatment in Rare Ovarian Cancers | Ovarian Cancer | phase-2 | The overall response rate was 25% in granulosa cell tumors, with 50% of patients experiencing clinical benefit. | Source → |
| Long-term Outcomes for Melanoma Patients Treated with Nivolumab and Ipilimumab | Melanoma | phase-3 | OS was longer with NIVO + IPI versus NIVO monotherapy (hazard ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.67 to 0.91]), with 6-year OS rates of 52% versus 41%, respectively. | Source → |
| Melanoma patients' quality of life during immunotherapy treatment | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Melanoma Patients' Long-Term Survival Rates After Treatment | Melanoma | phase-3 | Estimated cure rates were 48.3% with nivolumab, 38.2% with ipilimumab, and 29.2% with placebo. | Source → |
| Long-term Outcomes with Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-3 | Median overall survival was 71.9 months with nivolumab plus ipilimumab, 36.9 months with nivolumab, and 19.9 months with ipilimumab. | Source → |
| Study Compares Cancer Treatments for Rare Melanoma in Japanese Patients | Melanoma | observational | Objective response rates did not differ significantly between the NIVO+IPI and PD-1 groups (40.0% vs 27.7%). | Source → |
| Researchers Study Effectiveness of Cancer Treatment with Adaptive Dosing | Melanoma | phase-2 | The overall response rate was 47% (95% CI, 35%-59%) with a median follow-up of 34 months among survivors. | Source → |
| Melanoma Treatment Comparison Study Finds Similar Efficacy | Melanoma | phase-3 | Nivolumab plus relatlimab demonstrated similar progression-free survival (hazard ratio, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.88 to 1.33]) and overall survival (HR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.75 to 1.19]) to nivolumab plus ipilimumab. | Source → |
| Woman's Rare Brain Inflammation Linked to Cancer Treatment | Lung Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| New Insights into Cancer Treatment for Children | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
This information is provided for general education only and is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making treatment decisions.