Immunotherapy / PD-1 inhibitorFDA-approvedFirst-line
Opdivo
Generic name: nivolumab
How it works
Blocks the PD-1 protein on immune cells, allowing them to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer types
Lung Cancer— All patients
Efficacy
Studies show that patients treated with Opdivo had a response rate of approximately 20% and a median overall survival of around 10 months.
Side effects
Moderate
Side effects can be significant and may require dose adjustments or supportive medication, but the treatment is usually continued.
Evidence from research
| Study | Cancer type | Stage | Efficacy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testing Nivolumab and Relatlimab for Melanoma Brain Metastases | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing a Combination Treatment for Pancreatic and Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Nivolumab and Hydroxychloroquine for Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Pancreatic Cancer Vaccine Trial Evaluates Personalized Treatment | Pancreatic Cancer | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Stopping Combo Immunotherapy for Melanoma Brain Metastases May Be Safe | Melanoma | observational | 4-year OS exceeded 83% in patients discontinuing COMBO after CR, PR, or toxicity following CR, compared with 66.4% in those discontinuing due to toxicity after PR. | Source → |
| Evaluating Adaptive Dosing of Immunotherapy for Metastatic Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Nivolumab for Leptomeningeal Disease | Lung Cancer | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Testing a New Treatment for Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Combination Therapy for Untreated Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Olanzapine with Nivolumab for Advanced Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Comparing Chemotherapy and Chemo-Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Testing Immunotherapy with Chemotherapy for Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing New Treatments for Advanced Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing a New Approach to Treating Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | preclinical | — | Source → |
| Testing Immunotherapy in Advanced Colorectal Cancer | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Nivolumab in Rare Solid Tumors | Breast Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| New Combination Therapy Tested in Early-Stage Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-1/2 | The 36-month recurrence-free survival was 80%. | Source → |
| Testing Combination Therapy for Advanced Skin Cancers in Kidney Transplant Recipients | Melanoma | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Melanoma Patient Responds to Repeated Treatment with Ipilimumab and Nivolumab | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Survival Outcomes After Stopping Nivolumab Due to Side Effects in Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | observational | The median overall survival was 35.73 months (95% CI: 30.06-41.40). | Source → |
| Testing New Cancer Treatment in Combination with Existing Medications | Lung Cancer | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Rare Sleep Disorder Linked to Cancer Treatment | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Rare Blood Disorder in Lung Cancer Patient Treated with Nivolumab | Lung Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Combination Shows Promise in Some Cancer Patients | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | The disease control rates for breast cancer and other solid tumors were 33% and 32%, respectively. | Source → |
| Testing New Treatments for Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Comparing Ways to Give Melanoma Medications | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Defactinib, Avutometinib, and Nivolumab for Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing IL2 and Immunotherapy in Advanced Melanoma Patients | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Nivolumab with Standard Treatment for Colorectal Cancer with BRAF Mutation | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Evaluating a New Combination Therapy for Advanced Colorectal Cancer | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| COVID-19 Vaccination May Improve Lung Cancer Treatment | Lung Cancer | observational | Patients receiving ≥2 mRNA doses had significantly longer PFS2 than those receiving 0-1 dose (14.0 vs. 9.6 months; p = 0.04). | Source → |
| Preventing Melanoma Recurrence with Nivolumab | Melanoma | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Evaluating Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Combination with Chemotherapy for Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Melanoma Treatment Trial Investigates Combination of NeoVax and Immunotherapies | Melanoma | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Immunotherapy May Offer Better Survival for Lung Cancer Patients with Poor Health | Lung Cancer | phase-3 | Median overall survival was significantly longer with nivolumab: 29-weeks (95% CI: 11.3-46.7) versus 8-weeks (95% CI: 3.5-12.5; p<0.001) | Source → |
| Evaluating Nivolumab and Docetaxel for Advanced Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | preclinical | — | Source → |
| Testing Combination Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer and Solid Tumors | Breast Cancer | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Testing New Treatments for Advanced Melanoma That Has Progressed | Melanoma | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Preventing Mucosal Melanoma Return After Surgery | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing a New Combination Treatment for Advanced Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Low-dose nivolumab shows promise in treating lung cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | The estimated 2-year event-free survival rate was 56.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38.3%-73.9%), and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was 66.6% (95% CI: 56.4%-86.8%). | Source → |
| Testing Nivolumab and Ipilimumab with Radiation in Advanced Rectal Cancer | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Nivolumab to Prevent Leukemia Relapse | Leukemia | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing a New Treatment for Advanced Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Trial Tests Cancer Drugs in HIV Patients | Breast Cancer | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| Testing Immunotherapy After Surgery for High-Risk Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Testing Tocilizumab with Immunotherapy for Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Immunotherapy Shows Promise for Rare Ovarian and Cervical Cancers | Leukemia | phase-2 | The overall response rate was 9.38%, with two complete responses that are ongoing at >3 years and one partial response. | Source → |
| Nivolumab's Safety and Effectiveness in Chinese Lung Cancer Patients | Lung Cancer | observational | The median overall survival was 21.2 months. | Source → |
| B cells and genetic changes may predict response to cancer treatment | Ovarian Cancer | phase-2 | More than two passenger fusion genes were detected in six of the seven responders, whereas eight of the ten non-responders lacked fusion genes. | Source → |
| GRIm Score Predicts Response to Melanoma Treatment | Melanoma | observational | Patients with a low GRIm Score had significantly longer median progression-free survival (21.4 vs. 6.3 months, p = 0.003) and overall survival (26.5 vs. 7.2 months, p < 0.001). | Source → |
| Combining Immunotherapy for Advanced Anal Cancer | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | The median progression-free survival was 2.9 months for nivolumab and 3.7 months for nivolumab plus ipilimumab. | Source → |
| New Biomarker Predicts Outcomes for Lung Cancer Patients on Nivolumab | Lung Cancer | observational | Patients with GLR <70.76 achieved significantly longer OS (median 24.1 vs 9.6 months; p < 0.001) and PFS (9.7 vs 5.8 months; p < 0.001) compared with those with GLR ≥70.76. | Source → |
| Rare Side Effect of Cancer Treatment in Older Patient | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Fatal Lung Disease after Lung Cancer Treatment | Lung Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| Combining TM5614 and Nivolumab to Treat Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Long-term remission in lung cancer patient treated with nivolumab | Lung Cancer | observational | The patient remained in continuous remission with a progression-free survival exceeding 82 months and an overall survival exceeding 84 months. | Source → |
| Combination Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma Shows Promise in Real-World Study | Melanoma | observational | The response rate was 54% (39/72) and, after 13.6 months of median follow-up, a longer median progression-free survival [17.03 months (95% CI 4.8-18.6)]. | Source → |
| Immunotherapy Response Predicted by Low Tumor Mutation Burden and PD-L1 Expression | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Blood Transfusions May Affect Lung Cancer Treatment Outcomes | Lung Cancer | observational | Median progression-free survival was 5.93 months, and median overall survival was 8.23 months. | Source → |
| Cost-Effectiveness of Lung Cancer Treatment Questioned | Lung Cancer | phase-3 | Nivolumab plus bevacizumab and chemotherapy yielded an additional 0.90 QALYs with the marginal cost of $231,948.33. | Source → |
| New Study Explores Using Nivolumab to Treat Malignant Ascites | Pancreatic Cancer | phase-2 | Seven patients (77.8%) showed a clinical response. | Source → |
| Melanoma Study Examines Vaccine Combination with Immunotherapy | Melanoma | phase-2 | Objective response rates were 59.7% and 59.2% in the two treatment arms. | Source → |
| Combining Nivolumab with Chemotherapy for Advanced Ovarian Cancer | Ovarian Cancer | phase-2 | Fifteen of the 20 evaluable patients had complete gross resection at ICS, and 7 of 20 achieved an optimal pathologic chemotherapy response score of 3. | Source → |
| Immune therapy may trigger severe colitis in some patients | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Combination Treatment Shows Promise for Rare Gynecological Cancers | Ovarian Cancer | phase-2 | The overall objective response rate was 54% (95% CI, 35-71), with 3 (12%) complete responses and 12 (42%) partial responses. | Source → |
| Study Examines Combination Therapy for Advanced Liver Cancer | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Cost-effectiveness of dual immunotherapy for lung cancer | Lung Cancer | phase-3 | Nivolumab plus ipilimumab provided an incremental gain of 1.11 and 0.96 QALYs over chemotherapy in the USA and China, respectively. | Source → |
| Comparing Two Ways to Give Cancer Treatment | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Long-term Survival and Response to Immunotherapy in Melanoma Patients | Melanoma | phase-2 | At 4 years from the start of treatment, 80% of patients remained event-free, including 95% of patients who achieved a major pathologic response. | Source → |
| Combining RP1 and Nivolumab May Help Some Melanoma Patients | Melanoma | phase-2 | The confirmed objective response rate was 32.9% (95% CI, 25.2% to 41.3%; 15.0% complete response). | Source → |
| Rare Side Effect of Cancer Treatment: Tongue Discoloration | Ovarian Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| TIL Therapy for Melanoma Patients May Benefit from IFNα Support | Melanoma | phase-2 | Disease control was obtained in 11.1% of the patients treated without IFNα and in 41.7% of the patients treated with IFNα. | Source → |
| Combination Therapy Improves Survival in Advanced Melanoma Patients | Melanoma | preclinical | The 4-year progression-free survival rate was 30.6% for nivolumab plus relatlimab versus 23.6% for nivolumab alone. | Source → |
| Combination Therapy Shows Promise for Metastatic Uveal Melanoma | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Nivolumab Fails to Improve Remission in Acute Myeloid Leukemia | Leukemia | phase-2 | The median progression-free survival was 13.2 months in the Nivo arm and 10.9 months in the Obs arm. | Source → |
| Color Vision Loss in Melanoma Patient Treated with Nivolumab-Relatlimab | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Nivolumab Treatment in Melanoma Patients: Immune and Nutritional Status Linked to Survival | Melanoma | observational | Patients with high HALP scores had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS: median 5.8 vs 3.1 months) and overall survival (OS: median 54.9 vs 14.4 months) compared to those with low HALP scores. | Source → |
| Combining Telaglenastat and Nivolumab in Cancer Treatment | Melanoma | phase-1/2 | The overall response rate was 8.4% in the response-assessable analysis set. | Source → |
| Rare Side Effects of Cancer Treatment | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Nivolumab Effectiveness in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | observational | The 36-month OS rate was 19.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 17.5-22.0); the 12-month investigator-assessed best ORR in the overall population was 20.4%. | Source → |
| Rare Side Effect of Cancer Treatment | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Brazilian Study Examines Cost of New Melanoma Treatments | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Inflammatory Markers and Metastases Predict Nivolumab Response in Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | observational | The median overall survival was 21.2 months (95% CI: 17.4-25.0). | Source → |
| Combination Therapy for Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis | Lung Cancer | meta-analysis | Non-small cell lung cancer patients who received combination therapy had better progression-free survival (HR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.71; 0.93, P < 0.01). | Source → |
| Researchers Test New Cancer Treatment in Rare Ovarian Cancers | Ovarian Cancer | phase-2 | The overall response rate was 25% in granulosa cell tumors, with 50% of patients experiencing clinical benefit. | Source → |
| Relatlimab/Nivolumab Combination Therapy for Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | review | — | Source → |
| Combining Entinostat and Nivolumab in Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer | phase-2 | The objective response rate was 11% (95% CI, 2.4%-29.2%) with a median response duration of 10.2 months. | Source → |
| Long-term Outcomes for Melanoma Patients Treated with Nivolumab and Ipilimumab | Melanoma | phase-3 | OS was longer with NIVO + IPI versus NIVO monotherapy (hazard ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.67 to 0.91]), with 6-year OS rates of 52% versus 41%, respectively. | Source → |
| Melanoma patients' quality of life during immunotherapy treatment | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Melanoma Patients' Long-Term Survival Rates After Treatment | Melanoma | phase-3 | Estimated cure rates were 48.3% with nivolumab, 38.2% with ipilimumab, and 29.2% with placebo. | Source → |
| Long-term Outcomes with Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma | Melanoma | phase-3 | Median overall survival was 71.9 months with nivolumab plus ipilimumab, 36.9 months with nivolumab, and 19.9 months with ipilimumab. | Source → |
| Study Compares Cancer Treatments for Rare Melanoma in Japanese Patients | Melanoma | observational | Objective response rates did not differ significantly between the NIVO+IPI and PD-1 groups (40.0% vs 27.7%). | Source → |
| Researchers Study Effectiveness of Cancer Treatment with Adaptive Dosing | Melanoma | phase-2 | The overall response rate was 47% (95% CI, 35%-59%) with a median follow-up of 34 months among survivors. | Source → |
| Melanoma Treatment Comparison Study Finds Similar Efficacy | Melanoma | phase-3 | Nivolumab plus relatlimab demonstrated similar progression-free survival (hazard ratio, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.88 to 1.33]) and overall survival (HR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.75 to 1.19]) to nivolumab plus ipilimumab. | Source → |
| Combination Therapy Shows Promise in Lung Cancer Treatment | Lung Cancer | phase-2 | The estimated mean 6-month progression-free survival rate was 68.9% (high-MET group) and 50.9% (low-MET group). | Source → |
| Woman's Rare Brain Inflammation Linked to Cancer Treatment | Lung Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| Nivolumab Monotherapy and Salvage Immunotherapy in Advanced Kidney Cancer | Melanoma | phase-2 | The 36-month mean time on protocol therapy was 11.5 months, and the 36-month mean TFS for the whole population was 9.4 months. | Source → |
| Nivolumab Shows Promise in Treating Rare Cancer | Lung Cancer | observational | The response rate was 8%, disease control rate was 37%, median progression-free survival was 5.7 months, and median overall survival was 11.1 months. | Source → |
| New Insights into Cancer Treatment for Children | Melanoma | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Nivolumab treatment helps patient with advanced melanoma and liver failure | Melanoma | observational | — | Source → |
| Combining Vaccine and Immunotherapy in Early Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | 21% of patients had a PSA decline >50%. | Source → |
| Nivolumab Not Cost-Effective for Relapsed Mesothelioma in China | Lung Cancer | phase-3 | Patients receiving nivolumab gained 0.65 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) compared to 0.43 QALYs for those receiving a placebo. | Source → |
| Combining Nivolumab and Chemotherapy in Lung Cancer Treatment | Lung Cancer | phase-3 | Median OS was 18.8 months with nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus 15.6 months with chemotherapy in patients with nonsquamous NSCLC. | Source → |
| Immunotherapy Shows Promise for Advanced Colorectal Cancer | Colorectal Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| New Lung Cancer Treatment Combination Shows Mixed Results | Lung Cancer | phase-3 | The clinical benefit rate was 75.5% for sitra + nivo and 64.5% for docetaxel. | Source → |
This information is provided for general education only and is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making treatment decisions.