Hormone therapyFDA-approvedSecond-line
Xtandi
Generic name: enzalutamide
How it works
Blocks androgens from binding to prostate cancer cells, slowing growth.
Cancer types
Prostate Cancer— All patients
Efficacy
Studies show that enzalutamide can slow tumor growth and improve survival in men with metastatic prostate cancer.
Side effects
Moderate
Side effects can be significant and may require dose adjustments or supportive medication, but the treatment is usually continued.
Evidence from research
| Study | Cancer type | Stage | Efficacy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparing Two Treatments for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | Median prostate cancer-specific survival from the initiation of DTX was 16.1 months in the ENZ-DTX group and 25.3 months in the ABI-DTX group. | Source → |
| Study for Prostate Cancer Patients Who Previously Took Enzalutamide | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Study of Enzalutamide for Early Stage Triple Negative Breast Cancer | Breast Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing a Combination Treatment for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing a New Treatment for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Combination Therapy for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Combining Talazoparib and Enzalutamide for Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Testing Enzalutamide with or without Radium Ra 223 Dichloride for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing ZEN003694 with Enzalutamide for Metastatic Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Muscle Fat May Predict Poor Outcomes in Prostate Cancer Patients | Prostate Cancer | observational | The median failure-free survival was 6 and 17 months with and without myosteatosis, respectively. | Source → |
| Study Examines Effectiveness of Prostate Cancer Treatments in Patients with History of Other Cancers | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | Within the HOC+ group, OS was significantly worse with ENZ than with ABI (median 16.0 vs. 30.5 months; HR 3.27; 95% CI 1.08-9.89; p = 0.0354) | Source → |
| Pembrolizumab for Metastatic Prostate Cancer After Enzalutamide Treatment | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Ruxolitinib and Enzalutamide for Metastatic Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-1 | — | Source → |
| New Study Examines Combination Therapy for High-Risk Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | preclinical | — | Source → |
| Combination Therapy for Metastatic Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Testing Talazoparib with or without Enzalutamide in Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Evaluating Enzalutamide and ADT in Chinese Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Testing Combination Therapy for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Testing Enzalutamide and PDS01ADC in Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| New Biomarker for Prostate Cancer Resistance to Enzalutamide Identified | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Study of Prostate Cancer Treatment with Apalutamide or Enzalutamide | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Study of Talazoparib and Enzalutamide in Men with Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Evaluating Pembrolizumab and Enzalutamide in Metastatic Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Researchers Identify New Target to Overcome Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer Linked to KCNN4 | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| ZNF711 Contributes to Resistance to Prostate Cancer Treatment | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Combination Therapy Shows Delayed Survival Benefit in Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | Significant survival benefits were observed after 60 months, with RMST differences of 4.34 months (95% CI, 0.49-8.19, p = 0.03) at 60 months and 6.25 months (95% CI, 1.56-10.95, p = 0.01) at 72 months. | Source → |
| Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer Linked to UFL1 Deficiency | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Enzalutamide Monotherapy for Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | The 5-year probability rate of overall survival was 89.5% for enzalutamide monotherapy vs 87.2% for leuprolide alone. | Source → |
| Genetic Link to Abiraterone Dosage Identified in Prostate Cancer Study | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Early Docetaxel and Enzalutamide for Prostate Cancer: New Insights | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | Among those assigned no enzalutamide, OS was longer with the planned use of early docetaxel (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.98), especially in high-volume disease. | Source → |
| Abiraterone and Enzalutamide Show Similar Outcomes in Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | observational | Median overall survival was 36.2 months for both abiraterone and enzalutamide. | Source → |
| Researchers Identify New Pathway in Prostate Cancer Resistance | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Comparing Treatments for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | Treatment with enzalutamide + ADT significantly prolonged the primary endpoint of radiographic progression-free survival (HR [95% confidence interval, CI]: 0.54 [0.32-0.93], p = 0.03) compared with darolutamide + ADT. | Source → |
| Enzalutamide May Offer Better Survival for Prostate Cancer Patients | Prostate Cancer | observational | Enzalutamide-treated patients had longer overall survival in the first-line setting (HR: 0.84) and the second-line setting (HR: 0.88). | Source → |
| OPRK1 linked to resistance to prostate cancer treatment | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Researchers Identify Cells That May Contribute to Prostate Cancer Resistance | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Researchers Identify New Gene Linked to Prostate Cancer Treatment | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| New Combination Therapy May Improve Prostate Cancer Outcomes | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | Talazoparib plus enzalutamide was statistically superior to olaparib plus abiraterone acetate for radiographic progression-free survival (HR: 0.727; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.565, 0.935) | Source → |
| Comparing Prostate Cancer Treatments: Abiraterone, Enzalutamide, and Apalutamide | Prostate Cancer | observational | Abiraterone was significantly better in 99% PSA decline achievement compared to apalutamide (72% vs. 57%, p = 0.003). | Source → |
| Enzalutamide Extends Life for Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | People who took enzalutamide also lived longer without their cancer getting worse. | Source → |
| New Treatment Approach for Prostate Cancer Resistant to Enzalutamide | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | ENZ combined with PAP can significantly inhibit 22Rv1 xenograft growth in mice without experiencing castration. | Source → |
| Understanding Resistance to Enzalutamide in Prostate Cancer Treatment | Prostate Cancer | review | — | Source → |
| Combining two compounds may slow prostate cancer growth | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Liquid Biopsy Predicts Treatment Response in Prostate Cancer Patients | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | LBRB-positive patients had no benefit from continuing enzalutamide with docetaxel (HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.41-1.48, p = 0.44; RMST: 7.9 vs 7.1 mo, p = 0.50). | Source → |
| Comparing Treatments for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | observational | Patients initiating enzalutamide had a 0.90-month longer overall survival compared to those initiating abiraterone acetate at 4 years. | Source → |
| Researchers Identify New Target for Prostate Cancer Resistance | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | The downregulation of SYT4, in combination with enzalutamide therapy, substantially enhances the antiproliferative effect on resistant prostate cancer cells beyond the capacity of enzalutamide monotherapy. | Source → |
| Researchers Identify New Cause of Resistance to Prostate Cancer Treatment | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Enzalutamide's Effect on Prostate Cancer Treatment with Lu-PSMA Therapy | Prostate Cancer | observational | The average percent decline at the end of the treatment was 23.3% in patients who took enzalutamide and 50.4% in those who did not. | Source → |
| New Study Compares Treatments for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | meta-analysis | Talazoparib in combination with enzalutamide achieved a hazard ratio of 0.20 for radiographic progression-free survival. | Source → |
| New Compounds Show Promise Against Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | These biphenyl derivatives exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells. | Source → |
| Combining two treatments may slow prostate cancer progression | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | Median PSA progression-free survival was 13·0 months in the enzalutamide plus [Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 group and 7·8 months in the enzalutamide group. | Source → |
| New Study Identifies Potential Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Progression | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | — | Source → |
| Combining ORIC-101 and Enzalutamide in Prostate Cancer Treatment | Prostate Cancer | phase-1 | The disease control rate at 12 weeks was 25.8% | Source → |
| SMYD2's Role in Prostate Cancer Resistance to Enzalutamide | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | The SMYD2 inhibitor AZ505 had a synergistic therapeutic effect with enzalutamide in CRPC cells and mouse models. | Source → |
| New Study Compares Effectiveness of Two Cancer Drugs for Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | The median PSA response rate was -65.4% with abiraterone and -78.8% with enzalutamide. | Source → |
| Genetic variant linked to poorer prostate cancer treatment outcomes | Prostate Cancer | observational | A total of 54 patients (20%) had the variant, which was associated with a significantly worse overall survival (HR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.09 - 2.68, p = 0.019) and time to progression (HR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.08 - 2.09, p = 0.016), and was related with a significantly less frequent PSA response (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.24 - 0.96, p = 0.038). | Source → |
| Combining Enzalutamide and CC-115 Shows Promise in Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-1 | 80% of patients achieved ≥50% reduction in PSA (PSA50) by 12 weeks. | Source → |
| LncRNA SNHG4 linked to prostate cancer resistance | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| New Study Links Certain Prostate Cancer Drugs to Cardiovascular Risks | Prostate Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| Researchers Identify Metabolic Changes in Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Comparing Side Effects of Prostate Cancer Treatments | Prostate Cancer | meta-analysis | — | Source → |
| RhoA protein linked to resistance to prostate cancer treatment | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| New Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Treatment Identified | Prostate Cancer | phase-2 | Plasma AR gain was strongly associated with an adverse outcome, with worse median PSA-PFS (4.2 vs. 14.7 m; p < 0.0001), rad-PFS (4.5 vs. 27.6 m; p < 0.0001), and OS (12.7 vs. 38.1 m; p < 0.0001). | Source → |
| Prostate Cancer Treatment Trends in Quebec | Prostate Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| Continuing Enzalutamide May Delay Cancer Progression in Some Patients | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Prostate Cancer Cells Adapt to Treatment by Changing Circadian Rhythm Regulation | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| New Combination Therapy Shows Promise for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer | Breast Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Corticosteroids May Affect Prostate Cancer Outcomes in Enzalutamide Treatment | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | Enzalutamide significantly improved overall survival, with a hazard ratio of 2.13 for patients with baseline corticosteroid use compared to those without. | Source → |
| New Study Tests Combination Therapy for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | phase-3 | — | Source → |
| Comparing Treatments for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | meta-analysis | Enzalutamide achieved the highest number of life-years (LY, 7.6) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALY, 5.62) compared with apalutamide and ADTs. | Source → |
| General Fatigue and Enzalutamide Treatment Duration in Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| Comparing Two Cancer Drugs for Advanced Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| Macrophages in Prostate Cancer Tumors Respond to Treatment | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| Comparing Heart Risks of Two Prostate Cancer Treatments | Prostate Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| Lab-Grown Tissue Model Helps Study Prostate Cancer in Bones | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | Enzalutamide presented with better treatment response, in line with enzalutamide delaying time to bone-related events and enzalutamide extending survival in mCRPC. | Source → |
| Low Dose of Enzalutamide Shows Promise in Treating Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| Reducing Initial Dose of Enzalutamide May Not Lower Side Effects in Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | observational | The PSA response rate was significantly lower in the reduced dose group (-66.3% and -87.4%, p = 0.02). | Source → |
| Low Dose Enzalutamide Treatment for Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | observational | — | Source → |
| SPP1 Linked to Prostate Cancer Progression and Resistance to Treatment | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | — | Source → |
| New Compounds Show Promise in Treating Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | Compound 31c was identified as an AR antagonist which is 2.3-fold more potent than enzalutamide. | Source → |
| Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | lab-study | KIF15 inhibitors alone or in combination with enzalutamide significantly suppressed enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cell growth and xenograft progression. | Source → |
This information is provided for general education only and is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making treatment decisions.